Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about VPNs and online privacy

VPN Basics

What is a VPN and how does it work?

A VPN (Virtual Private Network) creates a secure, encrypted connection between your device and a remote server. When you connect to a VPN, your internet traffic is routed through this encrypted tunnel, hiding your IP address and protecting your data from prying eyes. The websites you visit see the VPN server's IP address instead of your real one.

Why do I need a VPN?

VPNs provide several important benefits:

  • Privacy: Hide your online activities from ISPs, governments, and hackers
  • Security: Protect your data on public Wi-Fi networks
  • Access: Bypass geo-restrictions and censorship
  • Anonymity: Browse the internet more anonymously

Are VPNs legal?

VPNs are legal in most countries, including the United States, Canada, the UK, and most of Europe. However, some countries like China, Russia, and Iran have restrictions on VPN use. Even where VPNs are legal, using them for illegal activities remains illegal. Always check your local laws and use VPNs responsibly.

Do VPNs slow down internet speed?

VPNs can reduce internet speed due to encryption overhead and the distance to VPN servers. However, good VPN services minimize this impact. You might experience 10-25% speed reduction with quality VPNs, and sometimes VPNs can even improve speeds if your ISP is throttling certain traffic.

Can I use a VPN on all my devices?

Most VPN services offer apps for Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, and Linux. Many also support routers, smart TVs, and gaming consoles. Check how many simultaneous connections your VPN plan allows - this typically ranges from 5 to unlimited devices.

Choosing a VPN

What should I look for in a VPN service?

Key features to consider:

  • No-logs policy: Verified by independent audits
  • Strong encryption: AES-256 encryption standard
  • Kill switch: Blocks internet if VPN disconnects
  • Server network: Many servers in multiple countries
  • Speed: Fast connections for streaming and browsing
  • Customer support: 24/7 help when needed
  • Money-back guarantee: Risk-free trial period

Free vs. paid VPNs - what's the difference?

Free VPNs often have significant limitations:

  • Limited data allowances or speed restrictions
  • Fewer server locations
  • May log and sell your data
  • Often can't bypass streaming restrictions
  • Limited customer support

Paid VPNs typically offer better security, privacy, performance, and features. For serious privacy protection, a reputable paid VPN is recommended.

Which VPN is best for streaming?

The best streaming VPNs consistently unblock popular services like Netflix, Hulu, and BBC iPlayer. Top choices include ExpressVPN, NordVPN, and Surfshark. Look for VPNs with:

  • Fast speeds for HD/4K streaming
  • Servers optimized for streaming
  • Ability to bypass geo-restrictions
  • Good customer support for troubleshooting

What's the best VPN for torrenting?

Good torrenting VPNs should have:

  • Strict no-logs policy
  • P2P-friendly servers
  • Kill switch feature
  • Port forwarding support
  • Fast download speeds

Popular choices include Private Internet Access, NordVPN, and ExpressVPN.

VPN Security and Privacy

How secure are VPNs?

Reputable VPNs use military-grade AES-256 encryption, which is considered unbreakable by current standards. However, VPN security depends on:

  • The provider's logging policy
  • Jurisdiction and legal framework
  • Security of VPN servers
  • Proper implementation of protocols
  • Regular security audits

What is a no-logs policy?

A no-logs policy means the VPN provider doesn't store records of your online activities, connection times, IP addresses, or other identifying information. This is crucial for privacy, but policies vary. Look for providers with independently audited no-logs policies for the strongest privacy protection.

Can VPNs be hacked?

While VPN services can potentially be compromised, reputable providers implement strong security measures to prevent this. Risks include:

  • Server breaches (mitigated by RAM-only servers)
  • Protocol vulnerabilities (addressed through updates)
  • DNS leaks (prevented by proper configuration)
  • Government pressure (reduced by favorable jurisdiction)

What are DNS leaks and how do I prevent them?

DNS leaks occur when your device sends DNS queries outside the VPN tunnel, potentially revealing your browsing activity. Prevent DNS leaks by:

  • Using VPNs with built-in DNS leak protection
  • Configuring your device to use the VPN's DNS servers
  • Testing for leaks at dnsleaktest.com
  • Using third-party DNS services like Cloudflare (1.1.1.1)

VPN Protocols and Technology

What are VPN protocols and which is best?

VPN protocols determine how data is transmitted and secured:

  • WireGuard: Newest, fastest, and most efficient
  • OpenVPN: Open-source, highly secure, widely supported
  • IKEv2: Fast, stable, good for mobile devices
  • L2TP/IPSec: Older, slower, but widely compatible

WireGuard and OpenVPN are generally recommended for the best balance of security and performance.

What is a kill switch and why is it important?

A kill switch automatically blocks your internet connection if the VPN disconnects unexpectedly. This prevents your real IP address and data from being exposed during connection drops. Always enable the kill switch feature for maximum protection.

What is split tunneling?

Split tunneling allows you to choose which apps or websites use the VPN connection while others connect directly to the internet. This is useful for:

  • Accessing local network resources
  • Improving speeds for certain applications
  • Using banking apps that block VPNs
  • Reducing bandwidth usage

What is double VPN or multi-hop?

Double VPN routes your traffic through two VPN servers instead of one, providing an extra layer of encryption and anonymity. While this increases security, it also significantly reduces speed and is usually unnecessary for most users.

VPN Usage and Troubleshooting

Why can't I access Netflix with my VPN?

Netflix actively blocks many VPN servers to enforce regional licensing agreements. To access Netflix with a VPN:

  • Use VPN providers known for unblocking Netflix
  • Try different server locations
  • Clear browser cache and cookies
  • Use dedicated streaming servers if available
  • Contact VPN support for server recommendations

My VPN keeps disconnecting. What should I do?

Common solutions for connection issues:

  • Try different VPN servers
  • Switch VPN protocols
  • Check your internet connection stability
  • Update your VPN app
  • Disable power saving modes
  • Configure firewall exceptions
  • Contact customer support

Can I use a VPN for gaming?

VPNs can be used for gaming to:

  • Reduce ping to game servers
  • Access geo-restricted games
  • Protect against DDoS attacks
  • Bypass ISP throttling

However, VPNs may increase latency. Choose VPNs with gaming-optimized servers and low-latency protocols.

How do I test if my VPN is working?

Test your VPN connection by:

  • Checking your IP address at whatismyipaddress.com
  • Testing for DNS leaks at dnsleaktest.com
  • Verifying WebRTC isn't leaking at browserleaks.com
  • Testing the kill switch by disconnecting the VPN
  • Checking if geo-restricted content is accessible

VPN Costs and Plans

How much do VPNs cost?

VPN pricing varies widely:

  • Budget VPNs: $2-4/month (annual plans)
  • Mid-range VPNs: $4-8/month (annual plans)
  • Premium VPNs: $8-15/month (annual plans)
  • Monthly plans: Usually 2-3x more expensive

Most providers offer significant discounts for longer-term commitments.

Are there any hidden costs with VPNs?

Reputable VPN providers are transparent about pricing. Watch out for:

  • Auto-renewal at higher rates
  • Additional costs for extra features
  • Dedicated IP address fees
  • Port forwarding charges
  • Premium server access fees

Do VPNs offer money-back guarantees?

Most reputable VPN services offer money-back guarantees ranging from 7 to 45 days. This allows you to test the service risk-free. Always read the refund policy terms and conditions before subscribing.

Can I share my VPN account with family?

Most VPN services allow multiple simultaneous connections (typically 5-10 devices, some offer unlimited). You can share your account with family members within the connection limits. Some providers offer specific family plans with additional features.

Advanced VPN Topics

What is Tor over VPN vs VPN over Tor?

These are two different approaches to combining VPN and Tor:

  • Tor over VPN: Connect to VPN first, then Tor. Easier to set up, hides Tor usage from ISP
  • VPN over Tor: Connect to Tor first, then VPN. More complex, provides additional anonymity layers

Tor over VPN is more common and easier for most users.

What are dedicated IP addresses?

A dedicated IP address is a static IP that only you use, unlike shared IPs used by multiple users. Benefits include:

  • Reduced chance of being blocked by websites
  • Consistent access to IP-restricted services
  • Better for business use
  • Improved email deliverability

Dedicated IPs usually cost extra and may reduce anonymity.

Can I set up my own VPN server?

Yes, you can set up your own VPN server using:

  • Cloud services (AWS, DigitalOcean, etc.)
  • Home router with VPN capabilities
  • Dedicated hardware
  • Software solutions like OpenVPN or WireGuard

However, self-hosted VPNs require technical knowledge and may not provide the same anonymity as commercial services.

What is obfuscation and when do I need it?

VPN obfuscation disguises VPN traffic to look like regular internet traffic. This is useful in countries that block VPN usage or networks that restrict VPN access. Obfuscated servers help bypass deep packet inspection (DPI) and VPN blocking.

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Is it legal to use VPNs for streaming?

Using VPNs is generally legal, but accessing geo-restricted content may violate streaming services' terms of service. While this typically results in account warnings rather than legal action, it's important to understand the risks and respect content licensing agreements.

Can my ISP see that I'm using a VPN?

Your ISP can see that you're connected to a VPN server but cannot see what you're doing online. They can detect:

  • VPN server IP addresses
  • Amount of encrypted traffic
  • Connection times and duration

They cannot see your browsing activity, websites visited, or data content.

Do VPNs protect against government surveillance?

VPNs provide protection against mass surveillance and casual monitoring, but determined government agencies have other methods of surveillance. VPNs are most effective against:

  • ISP monitoring and data collection
  • Mass surveillance programs
  • Local network eavesdropping
  • Censorship and content blocking

What should I do if VPNs are banned in my country?

In countries with VPN restrictions:

  • Research local laws and penalties
  • Consider the risks vs. benefits
  • Use obfuscated servers if available
  • Consider alternative privacy tools
  • Consult legal experts if necessary

Always prioritize your safety and comply with local laws.